Introduction The ThreadLocal class in Java provides thread-local variables, enabling each thread to have its own independent copy of a variable.

Introduction The ThreadGroup class in Java is used to group multiple threads into a single unit, allowing for easier management and control of thread collections.

Introduction The Thread class in Java allows the creation and management of threads, enabling concurrent execution in applications.

Introduction The System class in Java provides various utility methods and system-related functionalities such as standard input, output, and error streams, environment variables, and more.

Introduction StringIndexOutOfBoundsException in Java is a runtime exception that occurs when an invalid index is used to access characters in a string.

Introduction StackOverflowError in Java is an error that occurs when the stack memory allocated for a program is exhausted, typically due to excessive or infinite recursion.

Introduction The Short class in Java is a wrapper for the primitive type short. It provides methods to manipulate short values and handle conversions between different numeric types.

Introduction SecurityException in Java is an unchecked exception that indicates a security violation. It occurs when a security manager detects an illegal operation.

Introduction The @SafeVarargs annotation in Java is used to suppress warnings related to varargs when the method does not perform potentially unsafe operations on the varargs parameter.

Introduction RuntimeException in Java is an unchecked exception that occurs during the execution of a program. It represents programming errors that can be caught by the program but are not required to be handled.

Introduction The Runtime class in Java provides methods to interact with the Java runtime environment. It allows the application to interface with the environment in which it is running.

Introduction The Runnable interface in Java represents a task that can be executed by a thread. It defines a unit of work that can run concurrently.

Introduction The Readable interface in Java is a functional interface that represents a source of characters. It allows reading a sequence of characters into a CharBuffer.

Introduction The Process class in Java provides control over native operating system processes. It allows you to execute, manage, and interact with system processes from a Java application.

Introduction The @Override annotation in Java indicates that a method is intended to override a method in a superclass. It helps ensure that the method correctly overrides the superclass method.

Introduction OutOfMemoryError in Java is a runtime error that occurs when the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) cannot allocate an object due to insufficient memory.

Introduction The Object class in Java is the root of the class hierarchy. Every class in Java directly or indirectly inherits from Object. It provides basic methods that are fundamental to all objects.

Introduction NullPointerException (NPE) in Java is a runtime exception that occurs when an application tries to use an object reference that has not been initialized, pointing to null.

Introduction NoSuchMethodException in Java is a checked exception that occurs when an application tries to access or invoke a method that does not exist in a class using reflection.

Introduction NoSuchMethodError in Java is an error that occurs when the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) or a class tries to call a method that no longer exists in the class definition. It typically indicates a version mismatch between compiled code and runtime libraries.